Types of gluten allergy


 Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye that provides elasticity and shape to baked goods. While most people can consume gluten without any issues, for some, it can trigger an allergic reaction. Gluten allergy is a term used to describe a group of conditions caused by an immune response to gluten. There are several types of gluten allergy, each with their own set of symptoms and diagnostic criteria. In this blog post, we will discuss the various types of gluten allergy.


1: Celiac Disease


Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks the small intestine when gluten is consumed. This can cause damage to the intestinal lining, leading to malabsorption of nutrients and a host of digestive symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Celiac disease is diagnosed through blood tests to measure certain antibodies and intestinal biopsy to look for damage to the small intestine.


2: Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity


Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a condition in which individuals experience symptoms similar to celiac disease, but without the same immune response and damage to the small intestine. Symptoms of NCGS may include digestive issues, headaches, joint pain, and fatigue. However, the diagnostic criteria for NCGS are not well-defined, and diagnosis is often made through a process of exclusion.


3: Wheat Allergy


Wheat allergy is an allergic reaction to proteins found in wheat. Symptoms of a wheat allergy can range from mild (itchy skin, hives) to severe (anaphylaxis). Diagnosis is made through skin prick tests or blood tests to measure certain antibodies.


4: Dermatitis Herpetiformis


Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is a skin condition characterized by itchy, blistering rashes. It is caused by an immune response to gluten, and is often seen in individuals with celiac disease. Diagnosis is made through a skin biopsy to look for characteristic changes in the skin.


5: Gluten Ataxia


Gluten ataxia is a rare condition in which the immune system attacks the cerebellum, a part of the brain responsible for coordination and balance, in response to gluten. This can cause symptoms such as difficulty walking, tremors, and slurred speech. Diagnosis is made through blood tests to measure certain antibodies and a neurological examination.


In conclusion, gluten allergy is a complex group of conditions that can cause a wide range of symptoms. It is important to consult a healthcare professional if you suspect you may have a gluten allergy. Proper diagnosis and management of gluten allergies can help individuals lead a healthy, symptom-free life.

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